Maize Crop

Harvesting Harvesting for kharif maize

  • • For short duration varieties:-
    harvesting generally occurs at 80–85 DAS. Maize should be harvested when the cob husk turns brown and dry, grains become hard and shiny, and the black layer forms at the base of kernels, which indicates physiological maturity. Delayed harvesting should be avoided to prevent grain losses due to lodging, pest attack, or adverse weather. Combine harvesters can be used for quicker harvesting compared to manual harvesting. For shelling, hand-operated sheller, dehusker-cum-sheller, or maize thresher can be used to separate grain from husk. Before storage, grain should be properly dried and moisture content should be reduced to below 14% for safe long-term storage.
    • For medium duration varieties, harvesting generally occurs at 90–95 DAS. Harvest the crop when the cob cover becomes completely brown and dry, grains are fully developed, hard, and show black layer formation, indicating maturity. Timely harvesting helps to reduce grain losses and maintain grain quality. Combine harvesting can be used for efficient harvesting, and shellers or maize threshers can be used for grain separation. Dry the grain properly and maintain less than 14% moisture content for safe storage.
    • For long duration varieties, harvesting generally occurs at 100–110 DAS. Harvest when the husk turns brown and dry, kernels become hard and shiny, and black layer formation is visible at the base of grains. Delayed harvesting may increase losses due to lodging, pests, or weather damage. Combine harvesters can be used for faster and efficient harvesting. Use maize shellers, dehusker-cum-shellers, or threshers to separate grain from husk. For long-term storage, ensure grain moisture is reduced to below 14%.