EU Compliant Paddy (Step 8)

Disease Management

Major diseases

1. Brown spot

Symptoms:

  • It produces oval, eye-shaped spots with a conspicuous dark-brown dot in the centre and light brown margin. Spots are also produced on the grains. This disease occurs in poor soils, therefore, give adequate and balanced nutrition to the crop.

Management

  • To control the disease, give two sprays of 80 g trifloxystrobin + tebuconazole in 200 litres of water/acre. First spray at boot stage of crop and second spray after 15 days.

2. Bacterial Leaf Blight

Symptoms:

  • The leaves start drying completely from the tip or edge, due to which they become crooked.
  • Water-soaked to yellowish stripes on leaf blades or starting at leaf tips then later increase in length and width with a wavy margin.
  • Appearance of bacterial ooze that looks like a milky or opaque dewdrop on young lesions early in the morning.

Management:

  • Seed treatment should be done before sowing.
  • Spray Copper Hydroxide 53.8% DF @ 400g per acre
  • Avoid N application if symptoms are noticed.

3. Khaira disease

Symptoms:

  • The leaves turn yellow with copper coloured spots on them.

Management:

Symptoms:

  • Spray solution of 2 kg ZnSO4, 8 kg Urea or 1kg of dissolved slaked lime in 400 liters of water per acre.

4. Rice blast

Symptoms:

  • The fungus causes spindle shaped spots with greyish centre and brown margin on the leaves at maximum tillering. It also causes brown lesions on the neck of the panicle, showing neck rot symptoms and the panicles fall over. The disease is more severe on Basmati cultivars particularly in the sub-mountainous areas and under application of heavy nitrogenous fertilizers.

Management:

  • Spray the affected crop with 200 ml of azoxystrobin 18.2% + difenoconazole 11.4%SC or Tebuconazole 50% + Trifloxystrobin 25% WG @ 80g per acre at the boot and ear-emergence stages.

Biological control:

  • Dry seed treatment with Pseudomonas fluorescens talc formulation @10g/kg of seed.
  • Spray P. fluorescens talc formulation @ 0.5% from 45 days after transplanting at 10 day intervals, three times.

5. Sheath Blight

Symptoms:

  • Greyish green lesions with purple margin develop on the leaf-sheath above the water level. Later, the lesions enlarge and coalesce with other lesions. The severe attack results in the poor filling of the grains. Destroy the rice straw and stubbles after harvesting the affected crop. Avoid the excessive use of nitrogenous fertilizers. Keep the bunds clean by removing the grass.

Management:

  • At maximum tillering to boot stage of crop, as soon as the disease appears, spray Azoxystrobin 11% + Tebuconazole 18.3% SC @ 300ml or Tebuconazole 50% + Trifloxystrobin 25% WG @ 80g per acre.

Biological methods:

  • Seed treatment with Pseudomonas fluorescens @ of 10g/kg of seed .
  • Soil application of P.fluorescens @ of 2.5 kg/ha after 30 days of transplanting (This product should be mixed with 50 kg of FYM/Sand and then applied)
  • Foliar spray of Pseudomonas fluorescens at 0.2% concentration ,commencing from 45 days after transplanting at 10 days interval for 3 times depending upon the intensity of disease.

6. False smutt

Symptoms:

  • It is a fungal disease in which the individual grains transform into large yellowish/greenish velvety spore-balls High relative humidity, rainy and cloudy days during the flowering period increase the incidence of the disease. The application of organic manures and high dose of nitrogenous fertilizers also increases the intensity of attack.

Management:

  • To control this disease, give spray 400ml of Picoxystrobin 7.05 % + Propiconazole 11.7 % SC or 400 g copper hydroxide 53.8% in 200 litres of water per acre at boot stage of the crop in disease prone areas.
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